TIG Joining Welding of Demanding Materials
Clean, load-bearing joints on stainless steels, nickel-base alloys and titanium – with fine-rippled seam appearance and excellent surface quality.
TIG welding, the tungsten inert gas welding process (process 141 according to DIN EN ISO 4063, internationally TIG Welding / GTAW), is one of the most precise and high-quality arc welding processes available. The arc burns between a non-consumable tungsten electrode and the workpiece; the filler material is supplied separately as wire or rod – manually or mechanised.
Characteristic features are an exceptionally stable arc, very clean low-oxidation weld seams and complete separation of arc generation and filler material supply. The inert shielding gas flow – mostly argon or argon-helium mixtures – reliably protects the weld pool from atmospheric influences.
With this process control, TIG welding covers a broad spectrum: from high-quality joining welding of thin-walled components in stainless steel, nickel or titanium, through TIG cladding with low dilution, to automated cladding and metallic 3D printing via Multiwire capiClad.
TIG Multiwire for Joining, High-Quality Cladding and Automated Cladding
We deploy TIG welding specifically when highest seam quality, low heat input or precise deposit layers are required. Through the choice of tungsten electrode, shielding gas, filler material and cold-wire or hot-wire technology, the process can be finely tuned to the component, material and requirement – manually, semi-automated or via the Multiwire capiClad system for industrial high-performance applications.
TIG Cladding with Low Dilution
Homogeneous functional layers for protection against wear, corrosion or thermal loading – especially for thin to medium layer thicknesses on sensitive base materials.
TIG Cold Wire for Maximum Control
Mechanical wire feed without electrical preheating – ideal for delicate components, high-quality joints and fine deposit layers with minimal heat input.
TIG Hot Wire for Higher Deposition Rate
Electrical pre-wire heating significantly increases the deposition rate without losing TIG quality – economical for multi-layer coatings and larger deposition volumes.
Multiwire capiClad for Cladding and Metal 3D Printing
Up to three separate wires, optional hot-wire technology, deposition rates up to 12 kg/h – a unique TIG process for automated cladding and additive manufacturing.
Contact us with any questions:
We support you in selecting the right welding process and the appropriate solution.
Advantages of TIG Multiwire in Industrial Use
TIG welding combines maximum precision with excellent seam quality and maximum process control. The non-consumable tungsten electrode completely separates arc generation from filler material supply – the welder controls heat input and material dosing independently of each other.
This means TIG covers both high-quality joining welds on sensitive materials and precise deposit layers with low dilution. Via cold-wire, hot-wire and multiwire variants, the process can be flexibly adapted to quality and performance requirements.
Very Clean, Low-Oxidation Weld Seams
The inert shielding gas flow reliably protects the weld pool from atmospheric influences. The result is fine-rippled seams with outstanding surface quality.
Low Heat Input and Minimal Distortion
Complete separation of arc and filler material allows very fine control. Distortion and microstructural changes in the base material are reduced to a minimum.
Suitability for Demanding Materials
Stainless steels, nickel-base alloys, titanium, copper and high-alloy materials can be joined or coated with high quality – in many applications TIG is the technically preferred process.
Low Dilution in Cladding
The steady arc and the separate wire feed enable homogeneous deposit layers with low dilution from the base material – ideal for high-quality multi-layer coatings.
Scalable from Manual to Fully Automated
Manual applications, semi-automated cold-wire or hot-wire feed and fully automated multiwire systems cover all performance levels – without compromising TIG quality.
Cladding and Metal 3D Printing via Multiwire capiClad
With up to three wires, optional hot-wire technology and deposition rates up to 12 kg/h, TIG becomes a platform for industrial cladding and additive manufacturing – with reproducible layer quality.
When Is TIG Multiwire the Right Choice?
TIG welding is the right choice whenever seam quality, surface finish and controlled heat input are decisive. Also where materials are technically demanding – such as stainless steel, titanium or nickel-base alloys – the process demonstrates its strengths.
Typical fields of application are apparatus and vessel construction, chemical and process engineering, power engineering as well as high-quality repair and cladding welds. With Multiwire capiClad, the area of automated cladding and metallic 3D printing is additionally opened up.
TIG welding is particularly suitable for applications where:
highest seam quality, clean surfaces and safety-critical joints are required.
thin-walled components, root passes or demanding materials such as stainless steel, nickel or titanium need to be processed.
deposit layers with low dilution, precise geometry and high surface quality are to be produced.
cold-wire or hot-wire technology is required for defined deposition rate and reproducibility.
automated cladding or metallic 3D printing via multiwire process is to be implemented.
TIG Multiwire Compared to Other Welding Processes
Classification and Characteristics of the TIG Process
TIG welding (process 141, TIG / GTAW) is classified as the premium process of arc welding technology. The non-consumable tungsten electrode completely separates arc generation from filler material supply. Inert shielding gases such as argon or argon-helium mixtures ensure the purity of the weld pool.
Characteristic features are very clean, fine-rippled seams, low heat input, low dilution in cladding, and maximum process control. TIG is therefore the first choice for demanding materials and safety-critical applications where quality takes precedence over speed.
Via cold-wire and hot-wire technology and multiwire systems such as capiClad, the process can be scaled up to industrial cladding and metallic 3D printing – without relinquishing the typical TIG advantages.
Differences to PTA, Laser and MIG/MAG Cladding
PTA Welding
PTA welding is the automated cladding variant with similar quality to TIG, but with greater equipment effort and larger typical layer thicknesses. TIG remains advantageous when manual flexibility, very thin layers or complex geometries are required – or when the investment threshold of a PTA system is not justified.
Laser Cladding
Laser cladding achieves even lower dilution and more near-net-shape deposition, but with significantly higher investment and operating costs. TIG cladding delivers comparably clean layers in a significantly more cost-effective framework – ideal for demanding repairs and smaller coating volumes.
MIG/MAG Cladding
MIG/MAG cladding scores with high deposition rate and economy for large-area hardfacing layers. TIG is clearly superior as soon as seam quality, thin layers, low dilution or the processing of demanding materials are required.
Precise Technology. Clear Process. How We Work.
Every cladding project follows a structured workflow – from the initial component analysis to the inspected deposit layer. This produces reproducible results tailored to loading conditions, material and operating environment.
1. Component Analysis
In the first step, the geometry, material and operating conditions of the component are recorded. This includes the type of loading – such as wear, corrosion or thermal stress – as well as the required layer properties. On this basis, the appropriate welding process is selected and the process is designed.
2. Selection of Welding Consumable
Depending on requirements, different welding consumables and alloys are used, for example for wear protection, corrosion protection or heat resistance. The material selection is matched to the base material and the subsequent loading to achieve a permanently stable bond.
3. Component Preparation
Before cladding, the component is prepared accordingly. This includes cleaning the surface, removing contamination and, if necessary, mechanical preparation of the coating area. A clean surface is the foundation for a metallurgical bond and reproducible layer quality.
4. Cladding
Cladding is carried out with precisely set process parameters. Energy input, material feed and welding speed are controlled specifically to set layer thickness and penetration behaviour in a controlled manner. This produces homogeneous deposit layers with defined properties.
5. Quality Inspection
After cladding, the layer is mechanically post-processed as required, for example by turning or grinding, to achieve the required dimensional accuracy. Finally, the quality inspection of the weld seam and deposit layer is carried out before the component is returned to the customer.
Andreas Frische
Technical Management
Finding the Right Welding Process
Not sure which welding process is right for your application?
We support you in selecting and combining the right processes.
+49 5202 97790-54
Available from 07:45 - 16:30
a.frische@capilla-gmbh.de
Available from 07:45 - 16:30
Without the right welding consumable, there is no stable solution.
In TIG welding, the tungsten electrode, filler material (wire or rod) and shielding gas determine seam quality, dilution and layer properties – from fine-rippled joints to high-quality deposit layers.
capilla supplies TIG welding wires, rods and tungsten electrodes for joining, cladding and overlay – complemented by the Multiwire capiClad system for industrial cladding and metal 3D printing with deposition rates up to 12 kg/h.
Automated Welding Processes at the capilla LCC
At the Laser Competence Centre (LCC), capilla brings together modern technologies for automated coating and manufacturing. Components are precisely built up, heat-treated and tailored to the application using laser-based processes. Layer thickness, material deposition and process parameters can be precisely controlled – even for complex geometries and series applications.
This produces coating and manufacturing solutions that go beyond conventional welding processes and cannot be realised with traditional approaches in this form.
Frequently Asked Questions about TIG Multiwire
TIG welding, also known as Tungsten Inert Gas welding or internationally TIG Welding / GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding), is an arc welding process with a non-consumable tungsten electrode. The arc burns between the tungsten electrode and the workpiece; the filler material is supplied separately as wire or rod – manually or mechanised.
In international process designation, the process runs as process 141 according to DIN EN ISO 4063. Inert shielding gases such as argon or argon-helium mixtures protect the weld pool from atmospheric influences and enable very clean, low-oxidation seams with high surface quality.
capilla deploys TIG welding for high-quality joints, precise cladding and automated overlay via Multiwire capiClad.
In TIG welding, a stable arc is struck between a non-consumable tungsten electrode and the workpiece. The arc generates the welding heat and locally melts the base material. The filler material is fed into the weld pool independently of the arc – as wire or rod, manually or via a mechanical feed.
An inert shielding gas flow surrounds the electrode and weld pool and protects them from oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen in the ambient air. Complete separation of arc generation from filler material supply allows very fine process control – heat input, feed rate and material dosing can be set independently of each other.
capilla supports process design, tungsten electrode and welding consumable selection for TIG applications.
TIG welding is used wherever highest seam quality, clean metallurgical properties and precise heat input control are required. Typical fields of application are mechanical and plant engineering, apparatus and vessel construction, chemical and process engineering, power engineering as well as high-quality repair and cladding welds.
In joining welding, fine-rippled, load-bearing seams are produced – particularly with stainless steels, nickel-base alloys and titanium. In cladding, homogeneous functional layers with low dilution are applied. With Multiwire capiClad, the area of automated cladding and metallic 3D printing is additionally opened up.
capilla deploys TIG individually configured for component geometry, material and quality requirement.
The central advantages of TIG welding over MIG/MAG and MMA welding are highest seam quality, very low dilution and maximum heat control. The steady, stable arc and the independent filler material supply produce fine-rippled, low-oxidation weld seams that are not achievable with the aforementioned processes in this form.
Added to this is the suitability for demanding materials: stainless steel, titanium, nickel-base alloys and high-alloy materials can be joined or coated with high quality. The low heat input considerably reduces distortion and microstructural changes. Economically, MIG/MAG and MMA score for large weld volumes – in terms of quality and for safety-critical applications, TIG is clearly superior.
capilla deploys TIG when seam quality, material demands or cladding quality are more important than pure productivity.
In TIG welding, exclusively inert shielding gases are used. The standard gas is argon – a non-reactive noble gas with good protective effect, stable arc and clean seam appearance. Argon is the first choice for most materials and applications.
For greater penetration depths, faster welding speeds or special applications, argon-helium mixtures are used – for example with copper, thick-walled workpieces or high-alloy materials where more heat must be introduced into the component. Pure helium is used less commonly and is mainly reserved for special applications.
capilla advises on shielding gas selection in combination with tungsten electrode, material and process objective.
In TIG welding, the filler material is supplied independently of the arc. For manual applications, welding rods in standardised lengths are used, whose chemical composition is precisely matched to the material and application. For mechanised or automated applications, wires are used via a mechanical feed.
In TIG cold-wire welding, the wire is fed into the weld pool mechanically and without electrical preheating – maximum control, minimal heat input, ideal for fine deposit layers and delicate components. In TIG hot-wire welding, the wire is electrically preheated before entering the weld pool, significantly increasing deposition rate and productivity – without relinquishing the typical TIG advantages of quality and low dilution.
capilla supplies TIG welding rods, wires and tungsten electrodes for all material systems and process variants.
TIG welding processes a particularly broad spectrum of materials, especially in the area of demanding alloys. Stainless steels and corrosion-resistant steels can be processed with excellent seam appearance and corrosion resistance. Nickel-base alloys are a classic TIG domain – the low dilution and clean arc preserve the specific material properties.
Titanium and titanium alloys require a very clean atmosphere due to their oxygen affinity – the inert shielding gas flow of the TIG process is technically often essential here. Copper and copper alloys, aluminium, high-alloy tool steels and special materials can also be reliably processed with TIG.
capilla carries TIG welding consumables for steel, stainless steel, nickel-base alloys, titanium, copper and special alloys.
TIG cladding is particularly suitable when deposit layers need to be applied thinly, precisely and with low dilution. Typical applications are sealing faces, guide surfaces, seat rings in valves, repairs to worn bearing seats and local reinforcements on functional components.
Also with sensitive base materials or complex geometries, TIG demonstrates its advantages: the steady arc and the separate wire feed allow fine control of layer thickness and geometry. Multi-layer coatings with high demands on microstructure, hardness profile and surface quality are a TIG-typical domain.
capilla deploys TIG cladding for demanding repairs and high-quality functional layers.
The difference lies in how the wire is fed into the weld pool. In TIG cold-wire welding, the filler material is fed mechanically and without electrical preheating into the weld pool. This variant enables extremely precise control of material deposition and is ideal for high-quality joining welds, delicate components and fine deposit layers. Heat input remains very low.
In TIG hot-wire welding, the filler wire is electrically preheated before entering the weld pool. This causes the wire to melt faster and the deposition rate increases significantly – without relinquishing the TIG advantages of seam quality, arc stability and low dilution. Hot wire is particularly advantageous for multi-layer coatings and larger deposition volumes.
capilla offers cold-wire and hot-wire applications including automated wire feed systems with digital control.
Yes, with the Multiwire capiClad system a TIG process is available that combines highest layer quality with extraordinary performance. The system works with up to three separately guided wires and optional hot-wire technology. It is suitable for both automated cladding and metallic 3D printing.
The capiClad 3D process head achieves deposition rates up to 12 kg/h and enables the economical construction of large-volume structures or high-performance multi-layer coatings. Integrated sensors, assistance systems, automatic height control and camera-based process monitoring ensure reproducible, automated manufacturing – even for demanding industrial applications.
capilla deploys Multiwire capiClad for industrial cladding, functional components and additively manufactured metal structures.